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Esther (Handel)
''Esther'' (HWV 50) is an oratorio by George Frideric Handel. It is generally acknowledged to be the first English oratorio. Handel set a libretto after the Old Testament drama by Jean Racine. The work was originally composed in 1718, but was heavily revised into a full oratorio in 1732.
==Masque (1718, revised 1720)==
''Esther'' began in 1718 as a masque, or chamber drama (HWV 50a), composed early in Handel's English career, and before the body of his success as an opera composer. It was probably first composed and performed at Cannons, where the Duke of Chandos employed Handel from 1716 - 1718 as resident composer writing for his patron's singers and small orchestra. Little is known about this first version of ''Esther''. The version which survives is of a revision in 1720, also probably intended for private performance at Cannons, where the very wealthy Duke of Chandos employed a group of musicians and singers, and where Handel's ''Acis and Galatea'', Handel's first non-religious vocal work in the English language, also had its premiere in 1718.
The Cannons version of ''Esther'' was in six scenes with no break and written for an ensemble of one soprano, an alto, two tenors and two basses. Like ''Acis and Galatea'', ''Esther'' may have been staged or semi-staged, with the soloists singing together to create a chorus when required. The author of the libretto is uncertain.〔
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